PRESENT PERFECT
Present Perfect – минулий час, дія яка нещодавно або щойно закінчилась.
S + have + V3 (I, you, we, they)
S + has + V3 (he, she, it)
I have eaten.
He has eaten.
key words:
feeling 1 – Just
feeling 2 – Problem, task
1) just, already, yet, recently
2) ever / never
3) since / for
DETAILS
1) Найчастіше вживається у діалогах в рамках одного дня.
2) Дуже часто носії мови не дотримуються правил і заміcть Present Perfect вживають Past Simple.
POSITIVE
I have eaten.
He has eaten.
You have eaten.
Also, we can write it in a short way:
I have eaten. = I’ve eaten.
She has eaten. = She’s eaten.
NEGATIVE
I have not eaten.
She has not eaten.
You have not eaten.
I have not eaten. = I haven’t eaten.
She has not eaten. = She hasn’t eaten.
QUESTION
Have I eaten?
Has he eaten?
Have you eaten?
PAST SIMPLE / PRESENT PERFECT
|
1 TIME (we have exact time) |
1 NO TIME (no exact time) |
|
2 WELL-KNOWN FACT That game was amazing! |
2 FEELS LIKE RECENTLY This game has been great! |
|
3 DEADMAN Marco Polo was a strange guy! |
3 YOU CAN STILL DO IT Alice has been strange lately! |
|
4 ONE BY ONE (when you have 2 or more actions in a sentence you probably will use Past Simple) |
4 REASON FOR PRESENT She has not worked, that’s why she has no money. |
table 7
| 1. Haven’t you remembered your password yet? | 1. Ти ще не згадав свій пароль? |
| 2. He has brought a kitten. Can you imagine? | 2. Він приніс кошеня. Уявляєш? |
| 3. Where have you been? I called you three times. |
3. Де ти був? Я тобі телефонувала тричі. |
| 4. What did she say? Did you understand her? | 4. Що вона сказала? Ти зрозумів її? |
| 5. When did she take my passport? What does she need it for? | 5. Коли вона взяла мій паспорт? Навіщо він їй? |
| 6. Where did you buy this shelf? It looks cool. |
6. Де ти купив цю поличку? Виглядає круто. |
| 7. She did not know this. Don’t yell. |
7. Вона не знала цього. Не кричи. |
| 8. I have just won an apartment! Can you imagine? |
8. Я щойно виграв квартиру! Уявляєш? |
| 9. How much sugar have you put in there? Three spoons? |
9. Скільки цукру ти поклав? Три ложки? |
| 10. She has not answered yet. Wait a minute. |
10. Вона ще не відповіла. Зачекай хвилинку. |
| 1. I did everything yesterday. Calm down. |
1. Я все зробив вчора. Заспокойся.
|
| 2. Everything is fine. I have just booked a hotel. |
2. Все нормально. Я щойно забронював готель.
|
| 3. When did your plane arrive? | 3. Коли прибув твій літак? |
| 4. Why did you not tell me this? I wanted to meet you. |
4. Чому ти не сказала мені про це? Я хотів тебе зустріти.
|
| 5. I knew when you came. | 5. Я знав, коли ви прийшли. |
| 6. He asked, “Where is the front desk?” |
6. Він запитав: «Де стійка реєстрації?»
|
| 7. She said that she did not want to sit by the window. She constantly gets sick. Constantly. |
7. Вона сказала, що вона не хотіла сидіти біля вікна. Її постійно нудить. Постійно.
|
| 8. You could have said yesterday that you were not flying. |
8. Ти міг сказати вчора, що ти не летиш.
|
| 9. The pilot has just said that the plane was not working. Now we have to wait here. |
9. Пілот щойно сказав, що літак не працює. Тепер ми повинні чекати тут.
|
| 10. Last time I couldn’t open the jar. |
10. Минулого разу я не міг відкрити банку.
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